River Fishing: The Angler's Guide

River fishing is so familiar and yet such a diverse experience! Although only some are lucky to live near the ocean or sea, the rivers are always relatively there in neighborhoods. They are real natural treasures that enable easy access to anyone interested in fishing. And even if you do, fishing in rivers is quite different!

The essence and beauty lie in the dynamic flow of water, which offers a constantly changing environment. The most important thing is that there are enough fish of various sizes and characters, such as Bass, Bream, Catfish, Trout, and even the majestic Salmon.

However, not all rivers are the same, meaning you need to know the terrain to answer all challenges well. Understanding the river's course and terrain is crucial as it can be unpredictable, and adapting to such conditions is part of the adventure.

This knowledge will help you anticipate challenges, such as sudden changes in the river's course, and adjust your fishing strategy accordingly. So, if you're ready to experience the thrilling combination of comfort and risk of fishing close to shore while feeling the adrenaline rush of the catch, you're in the right place.

Understanding River Fishing

River fishing includes all techniques suitable for practicing in flowing waters. Rivers are complex bodies of water affected by different depths, currents, and structures such as rocks and fallen trees. They can be smaller rivers, streams with gentle flows or meandering rivers, or more dynamic scary rivers full of water moving fast.

The more complex the area, the more challenging any technique you employ becomes, especially in waters affected by seasonal changes and weather patterns. This means you must know the river's course well and where and when they are suitable for fishing.

As the weather and seasons change daily, the behavior of fish species also changes. For instance, you can expect better fishing conditions when the fish are most active in spring and fall. This means more exploration and changing locations along the river but also significantly more dynamics and fun. Understanding these patterns will help you plan your fishing trips more effectively and increase your chances of a successful catch.

Why Choose River Fishing

It's exciting and dynamic, just like rivers. In addition, the rivers are accessible, providing various fishing opportunities in scenic and accessible locations. With many fish species, dynamic conditions, and a series of techniques to overcome, keep anglers engaged and encourage them to learn and overcome new obstacles constantly. 

River fishing offers a profound connection with nature, a perfect escape from the hustle and bustle of daily life. It's a family-friendly activity that caters to both experienced anglers and beginners. The diverse underwater structures, rocks, and vegetation increase the chances of a successful catch, making every fishing trip a unique and inspiring experience.

When to Go River Fishing

More than anywhere, the change of seasons significantly affects the possibility and variety of fishing in rivers, although, in principle, fishing is possible throughout the year. 

Spring and fall usually offer excellent conditions, as this is when the fish are most active. Also, optimal weather conditions include stable periods and cloudy days, but avoiding heavy rain that can muddy the water is good. Early mornings and late evenings are the most colorful periods of the day for fishing, while night fishing is effective even in the warmer months. 

Fish often gather in certain places under various factors, such as before or after a storm or sudden changes in the river's course. The river's flow is also essential, so you can go fishing in the backwaters when it is fast-flowing. 

When you see places where the water swirls or slows down, or you find dips in the bottom of the river, this indicates that there are fish below. Keep in mind that bait fish congregate around changes in currents.

Fish Species Commonly Caught by River Fishing

River fishing offers interesting, varied, and, above all, fantastic conditions, depending on the region and the specific conditions of the river. Common species targeted in river fishing include:

• Trout: Species such as California and brown Trout are prized catches in rivers known for their cold and clear water. For anglers, the significant presence of these fish is a sign that the water is healthy.

• Bass: Both Largemouth and Smallmouth are popular fish found in rivers worldwide. They are known for their aggressive strikes and challenging fights and are one of the dominant river fish species.

• Walleyes: They can be found in deeper river sections and around rocks and catchments. Walleyes are known for their excellent feeding qualities and nocturnal feeding habits; you can also catch them at night.

• Salmon: Depending on the region, you can catch species such as Chinook (King), Coho (Silver), and Atlantic Salmon. Salmon is a prevalent and tasty fish known for its powerful runs and acrobatic jumps.

• Catfish: Channel, Blue, and Flathead Catfish are standard in many rivers and are generally found near holes, snags, and other cover.

• Pike and Musky: These fish are apex predators in rivers, known for their aggressive strikes and large size, and generally swim around underwater structures. 

• Panfish: Bluegill, Crappie, and Perch are abundant in slower river sections and backwaters.

• Carp: The famous Carp can be found in many rivers, especially in slower or deeper parts. It is undoubtedly one of the most renowned river species and always inspires anglers. 

The more you understand and appreciate the river habitat you're fishing in, the better your chances of a successful catch. This knowledge empowers you as an angler, giving you the confidence to navigate the dynamic conditions of the river and adapt your techniques to the changing behavior of the fish.

Essential Gear for River Fishing

As rivers are attractive, proud, and very different areas, appropriate and diverse gear can make a big difference and increase the happy fishing factor.

Rods

A good river fishing rod supports a specific location and can bring out the target fish, regardless of how strong and fierce the species is. Here are the most common types.

• Spinning Rods: Refined by versatility and simplicity, spinning rods are primarily used for casting light baits and catching lighter fish. If this is your goal, choose medium- to heavy-weight spinning rods (6 to 7.5 feet) that offer fast action and sensitivity.

• Casting Rods: These rods combine precision and power and are suitable for casting heavier lures with precision, making them ideal for fishing around structures such as rocks and logs. Choose medium- to heavy-weight baitcasting rods (6 to 7.5 feet) with moderate to fast action.

• Fly Rods: These rods are suitable for anglers targeting Trout, Salmon, and other insect-eating species. If you plan to do the same, choose a rod between 7.5 and 9 feet long, ensuring accurate and delicate casting of light flies on the water's surface.

• Ultralight Rods: These rods are for anglers who want to improve the finesse of their cast and add a touch of elegance. They are suitable for targeting smaller fish species, such as Walleye and Trout. They are usually shorter (5 to 6 feet) and offer ultra-sensitive tips.

Each rod type offers unique advantages and is suitable for different performances, so keep them in good condition and clean.

Reels

A reel that is synchronized with the rod and lines will provide a feeling of lightness and smoothness to your casts. That is why it is important to choose those that fit the overall setup.

• Spinning Reel: They ideally go with a spinning rod, although they can be improvised because spinning reels are known for their versatility and simplicity. They are excellent for casting light baits and are easy to handle. They will withstand both Trout and Sea Bass.

• Bait Casting Reels: Offer more precision and control and are suitable for accurate casting of heavier baits. They are excellent for fishing around structures such as rocks and logs and for larger fish species such as Bass, Pike, and Catfish.

• Fly Reels: If fly fishing is your thing, you can only do it with these reels, which provide smooth drag systems and make it easy to fight firm fish. Choose the reel that matches the weight of your fly rod (3 to 6 typical). This type is suitable for Trout, Salmon, or other fish that feed on insects.

• Ultralight Reel: Intended for fine fishing and targeting smaller species. They provide smaller and lighter spools, making them ideal for ultra-light rods when fishing for Trout, small Trout, and other species in clear, calm river waters.

• Centre Pin Reels: They are used almost exclusively in float fishing and offer smooth line release without drag. They present naturally floating lures in river currents and are excellent for targeting species such as Steelhead, Salmon, and large Trout.

Choosing the correct reel type and skillfully matching it with the rod and fishing style will make catching easier without diminishing the challenge.

Lines

A quality line will ensure that the fish notices only the bait and that the line does not break when it bites. Here are the most commonly used lines in river fishing.

• Monofilament Line: Versatile and multi-functional, monofilament has good knot strength and offers some stretch, which can be helpful when fighting fish. It is suitable for different species, from Sea Bass to sea fish. Due to its relatively low visibility, monofilament is excellent in clear water conditions. Since they can be found in the 4 to 12-pound range, choose one to support your target fish.

• Fluorocarbon Line: Fluorocarbon is prized for its low visibility underwater and is ideal for clear rivers where fish can be easily spooked. It is more resistant to abrasion, which is useful when fishing carefully around rocks, logs, and other structures. It also stretches less, providing better sensitivity for bite detection.

• Braided Line: The braided line is highly strong and sensitive, with little or no stretch. This makes it ideal for fishing in large cover or deep water. It is also highly abrasion-resistant and works well around rocks and dense underwater vegetation. It targets larger species such as Pike, Catfish, and Bass.

• Fly Line: This is a must-have fly fishing line. It is carefully designed to be cast with a fly rod and can be found in various weights and tapers to match the rod and fishing style. Floating lines are used for dry fly and surface fishing, while sinking or sinking lines are used for lowering flies to deeper depths.

• Copolymer Line: Made from a blend of nylon and other materials, it balances the characteristics of monofilament and fluorocarbon. These are the strength of the knot, poor visibility, and somewhat stretchiness. They are excellent for the versatility of the combination of different techniques.

Having as many different lines as possible is okay because improvisation is always helpful in not-so-easy-to-predictable fishing scenarios.

Rigs

Rigs help place the bait where you intend it to be and ensure it is naturally presented to the fish. Here are the most commonly used devices in river fishing.

• Slip Bobber Rig: This rig allows you to adjust the depth of your bait easily and mainly targets species such as Trout, Kingfish, and Bass at different water depths. It consists of a sliding bobber, a bead, and a stop and is excellent for presenting live bait in moving waters.

• Carolina Rig: This lure is highly valued and often used because it is effective in deeper water and rocky areas. It is excellent for targeting species such as Bass, Walleye, and Catfish. It consists of a heavy recess, a swivel, and a front string that allows the lure to move freely on the bottom.

• Texas Rig: This rig is ideal for fishing in heavy cover, such as weeds, logs, and rocks. It consists of a bullet weight, a hook, and a soft plastic bait, and it can be used in dense cover without getting stuck.

• Drop Shot Rig: Used to target finicky fish in clear water and at varying depths. It consists of a hook tied directly to the main line with a front and a weight below it, which allows the bait to be suspended above the bottom.

• Split Shot Rig: Simple yet effective, the split shot rig is excellent for presenting live bait in slow or still waters. It consists of a small weight (split shot) placed above the hook on the main line. This rig targets Trout and Smallmouth Bass species in clear and shallow waters.

A good selection of rigs on the market will help you turn your fishing strategy into reality.

Hooks

The hook directly affects the success of fishing, and the type of hook you choose should match your target species and bait. Here are the most commonly used hooks in river fishing:

• J-hooks: J-hooks are the most versatile and widespread in river fishing because they handle almost everything. Their simple design with a J-shaped bend makes them good performers for both live bait and artificial lures.

• Circle Hooks: Designed to reduce hooking depth and increase catch-and-release survival rates, they are ideal for conservation-minded anglers. They will serve well in hunting for Catfish and Bass. They work well with live bait.

• Treble Hooks: They have three points and are usually used with artificial baits, such as crankbaits and topwater plugs. They provide multiple contact points, improving hookup rates with extremely fighting fish.

• Worm Hooks: Worm hooks, created for rigging soft plastic baits, are essential for techniques like Texas and Carolina rigs. They have wide spacing and an offset handle and are great for presenting plastic worms and other soft baits in heavy cover.

Choosing the right hook type for your river fishing adventures ensures a productive and enjoyable day on the water.

Standard Bait Selection Used for River Fishing

For river fishing techniques, you can use both live and artificial bait. Choosing the right option and exercising good judgment can significantly increase your chances of catching. Live or artificial, here are the ones to pay attention to.

Live Baits

Live bait is always a highly effective preferred choice for river fishing. Its natural presentation will attract even the most cautious fish. From worms and minnows to insects and crustaceans, find out which other live baits are best for river fishing.

Commonly used live baits in river fishing include:

• Worms: This group includes night crawlers and reddish crawlers. Worms are the primary bait for various types of river fish, including Bass, Trout, and Catfish.

• Minnows: These small ones, like shiners and chubs, are great for targeting larger predatory fish like Bass or Pike.

• Crayfish: Also highly prized and effective for catching Smallmouth Bass and other species that naturally feed on crayfish.

• Insects: Grasshoppers, crickets, and mayflies are often mowed down, which is excellent for Trout and Panfish, which feed on insects in their natural habitat.

• Shrimp: Freshwater shrimp are a favorite food of many freshwater species and are often used to attract species such as Catfish and Panfish.

• Grubs and Maggots: These are tiny baits but very effective. They are primarily used for catching Trout and other smaller species.

The more variety of bait you have, the more insured you are, and you can experiment with many of them.

Artificial Baits

Artificial baits, like live baits, are a must-have in the tackle box of every ambitious river fishing angler. The choice is more than generous, and which baits you must have, read below.

• Spinnerbaits: Basic artificial baits that can be used for hunting various species, such as Bass, Pike, and Trout. They create flash and vibrations that attract these fish.

• Crankbaits: They mimic the movement of small fish and are used to target species such as Bass, Lure, and Pike.

• Soft Plastics: This group includes plastic worms, grubs, and critter baits made from soft plastics. They are very realistic and are used for hunting Bass and Panfish.

• Topwater Lures: These are poppers, frogs, and other topwater lures designed to create surface disturbances that attract strikes from more aggressive species like Bass or Pike.

• Spoons: Made of metal, they reflect light and swing through the water and are used to catch Trout, Salmon and Bass.

• Flies: Basic lures for fly fishing. They are light and imitate insects, bait fish, and other prey. They are used to fish for targeting Trout, Bass and Panfish.

Although you can fish rivers using only live baits, artificial baits can also help and increase performance.

Where to Go River Fishing

The good thing about river fishing is that you can stick to the basics and raw simplicity and fish from the bank or shallows, but you don't have to. There are plenty of other options.

From a Boat

The benefits of fishing from a boat are enormous. It gives you access to deeper parts of the river, more straightforward navigation of currents, and exploration of different habitats. You can fish any species, but it is ideal for pursuing larger fish species, such as Walleye, Pike, and Catfish. Quick location changes and easier gear carrying are just some of the benefits of fishing from a boat.

From a Shore 

This is where you usually start regarding river fishing: easy access and the possibility of endless exploration along the coast, in shallow flats, and other areas near the water's edge. Advantage is a versatile option suitable for targeting a broad spectrum.

In addition to being available for both beginners and experienced fishermen, this type of fishing offers the possibility of combining it with an excursion, camping for relaxed fishing sessions, and adventurous expeditions along the river's edge.

From a Kayak 

Kayaks provide additional adventure and excitement and come with invisible access. They allow anglers to navigate shallow waters, narrow spaces, and areas and generally have more space for experimentation. Kayaks are also suitable for a solitary fishing experience on the river, so they are ideal for those prone to meditative sessions.

From Piers and Bridges 

Pier fishing provides stable footing and easy access to deeper water near river channels or structures. The advantage is easy accessibility and proximity, and some are even additionally equipped with unique benefits for anglers, cleaning options, and benches.

River Fishing Techniques

In embracing the ever-dynamic river fishing, many techniques can be further adapted to the individual angler and their style. Here are the most common ones. 

Drift Fishing

An old technique has transformed quite a bit with the advancement of technology, but the essence is the same: casting a bait or lure upstream and letting it naturally float with the current. It can be practiced from both small and larger boats and is very effective for covering large areas and targeting fish that are actively feeding along the river bed.

Jigging

Jigging involves using a jig, a weighted hook with a lead depression molded near the eye. This creates a jerky, vertical movement in the water. Such hooks are hung on the side of the boat, and then, changing the speed, the bait is presented to the fish. River fishing is attractive for species such as Bass, Crappie, and Walleye that float in deeper river waters.

Fly Fishing

This technique has the most fans among river fishing anglers. It is primarily used to catch Trout and other freshwater species that require a delicate presentation and feed on flies. This technique has many levels of progression, but the essence is elegant, measured, and precise movements.

Casting Around Structures

Rivers are rich in natural structures, such as fallen trees, rocks, and weeds, that attract fish looking for shelter and prey. There are almost certain types of fish out there, but to lure them in, your presentation has to be an offer they can't resist.

Topwater Fishing

Topwater fishing focuses on using lures that float on the water's surface, creating enticing splashes and movements to attract fish feeding close to the surface. The visual-sound spectacle can attract even distant fish, especially in periods of low light or when the fish is actively chasing its prey.

Trolling

Trolling in freshwater areas is usually done in larger rivers or reservoirs. The principle is the same as on the open sea, dragging the lure behind a moving boat at different depths and speeds. It effectively covers large areas and more turbulent rivers and targets species such as Salmon, Trout, and Pike spread throughout the water column.

Final Thoughts

For many excellent anglers and masters, the river was their first contact with fishing and initiation into everything this sport entails! River fishing can be very relaxed and unpretentious or complicated and competitive, and between those two extremes lies an exciting world of techniques, fish, and gear!

If we have inspired you to read to the end, stay a little longer and write your impressions about the guide, share your fishing experiences, or ask a question! Remember that we are always here to support you! Happy fishing!